Gas Laws

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What is the Ideal Gas Law?

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The Ideal Gas Law is a fundamental equation in chemistry that relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of moles (n) of an ideal gas: PV = nRT, where R is the ideal gas constant.

Front

What is pressure in the context of gas laws?

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Pressure is the force exerted by gas particles colliding with the walls of their container, typically measured in atmospheres (atm), pascals (Pa), or millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

Front

What is the relationship between pressure and volume in Boyle's Law?

Back

Boyle's Law states that at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume: P1V1 = P2V2.

Front

What does Charles's Law describe?

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Charles's Law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (in Kelvin): V1/T1 = V2/T2.

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What is Avogadro's Law?

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Avogadro's Law states that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain an equal number of molecules: V/n = k.

Front

Define absolute zero.

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Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which a system's entropy reaches its minimum value, corresponding to 0 Kelvin (-273.15 °C), where molecular motion stops.

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What is the significance of the gas constant (R) in the Ideal Gas Law?

Back

The gas constant (R) is a proportionality constant that relates the energy scale to the temperature scale in the Ideal Gas Law, with a value of 0.0821 L·atm/(K·mol) or 8.314 J/(K·mol).

Front

How does temperature affect gas volume according to Charles's Law?

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According to Charles's Law, as the temperature of a gas increases, its volume also increases, provided the pressure remains constant.

Front

What is the formula for calculating the number of moles (n) of a gas?

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The number of moles (n) can be calculated using the formula: n = PV/RT, where P is pressure, V is volume, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature.

Front

What is the relationship between temperature and pressure in Gay-Lussac's Law?

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Gay-Lussac's Law states that at constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature: P1/T1 = P2/T2.