Central Dogma and Mutations Test Review

Front

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together in a double helix?

Back

Hydrogen bond.

Front

What are the subunits that make up DNA?

Back

Nucleotides.

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

A phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the role of a gene?

Back

A gene controls the production of proteins.

Front

What is the process of synthesizing protein from RNA called?

Back

Translation.

Front

Which molecule transports amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA).

Front

What nucleotide pairs with cytosine (C) in DNA?

Back

Guanine (G).

Front

What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can affect protein production.