AP Biology: Unit 1 Review

Front

Why is water considered polar?

Back

Water is considered polar due to the presence of polar covalent bonds, where oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, leading to a partial negative charge on oxygen and a partial positive charge on hydrogen.

Front

What is a key difference between DNA and RNA regarding their sugar component?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is the role of the carboxyl group in peptide bonds?

Back

In a peptide bond, the carboxyl group of one amino acid bonds to the amino group of another amino acid.

Front

In which direction does DNA/RNA synthesis occur?

Back

DNA/RNA synthesis occurs in the 5' to 3' direction, meaning new nucleotides are added to the 3' hydroxyl end.

Front

What is cohesion in the context of water molecules?

Back

Cohesion refers to the attraction between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding, which allows water to form droplets.

Front

What is adhesion in the context of water molecules?

Back

Adhesion is the attraction between water molecules and other substances, which helps water to climb up plant roots and stems.

Front

What is surface tension in water?

Back

Surface tension is the cohesive force at the surface of water that makes it behave like a stretched elastic membrane.

Front

What is the significance of hydrogen bonds in water?

Back

Hydrogen bonds in water contribute to its unique properties, such as high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, and solvent capabilities.

Front

What are nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA?

Back

Nitrogenous bases are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G) in DNA, and uracil (U) replacing thymine in RNA.

Front

What is the difference between purines and pyrimidines?

Back

Purines (adenine and guanine) are double-ring structures, while pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil) are single-ring structures.