Genetic Code and DNA

Front

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

The nucleus is the cell organelle that contains the genetic material (DNA) and is responsible for passing down genetic traits from parent to offspring.

Front

What phase of the cell cycle is represented by the S phase?

Back

The S phase (Synthesis phase) is the part of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated, resulting in the duplication of the genetic material.

Front

Why is the genetic code referred to as a universal code?

Back

The genetic code is considered universal because the way genetic information is coded in DNA is the same for all living organisms.

Front

True or False: The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the traits of an organism.

Back

True

Front

What are complementary bases in DNA?

Back

Complementary bases are pairs of nitrogenous bases that bond together in a specific way: Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA has a double helix structure, consisting of two strands that wind around each other, with sugar-phosphate backbones and nitrogenous bases in the center.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein, which in turn influences a particular trait.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cell organelles that synthesize proteins by translating the genetic code carried by mRNA.