Titration and pH Calculations

Front

What is titration?

Back

Titration is a laboratory technique used to determine the concentration of a solute in a solution by adding a titrant of known concentration until the reaction reaches completion.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is the formula for calculating pH?

Back

pH = -log[H⁺], where [H⁺] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter.

Front

What is the significance of the equivalence point in titration?

Back

The equivalence point is the stage in a titration where the amount of titrant added is stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of substance in the solution being titrated.

Front

What is a strong acid? Give an example.

Back

A strong acid is an acid that completely dissociates in solution. Example: Hydrochloric acid (HCl).

Front

What is a weak acid? Give an example.

Back

A weak acid is an acid that partially dissociates in solution. Example: Acetic acid (CH₃COOH).

Front

What is Ka in the context of weak acids?

Back

Ka is the acid dissociation constant, a measure of the strength of a weak acid in solution.

Front

How do you calculate the pH of a strong acid solution?

Back

For a strong acid, pH can be calculated directly from its concentration: pH = -log[H⁺].

Front

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation?

Back

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH, pKa, and the concentrations of an acid and its conjugate base: pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA]).

Front

What happens to pH at the midpoint of a titration of a weak acid with a strong base?

Back

At the midpoint of a titration, the pH equals the pKa of the weak acid.