Samples, Populations, Bias & Inferences

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What is a sample in statistics?

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A sample is a subset of individuals or observations selected from a larger population, used to make inferences about the population.

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What is a population in statistics?

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A population is the entire group of individuals or observations that a researcher is interested in studying.

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What does it mean for a sample to be unbiased?

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An unbiased sample accurately represents the population, meaning every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

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What is a biased sample?

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A biased sample does not accurately represent the population, leading to skewed results and conclusions.

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What is random sampling?

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Random sampling is a technique where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, ensuring a representative sample.

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What is a representative sample?

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A representative sample reflects the characteristics of the population as a whole, allowing for valid inferences.

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How can bias affect survey results?

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Bias can lead to inaccurate conclusions, as the sample may not reflect the true preferences or behaviors of the entire population.

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What is the importance of sample size in statistics?

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A larger sample size generally leads to more reliable and valid results, reducing the margin of error.

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What is inferential statistics?

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Inferential statistics involves using data from a sample to make generalizations or predictions about a population.

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What is the formula to predict preferences based on survey results?

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(Number of responses for a choice / Total responses) x Total population = Predicted preference.