Unit 6: Mutations, Disorders and Genetic Engineering

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What is recombinant DNA?

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DNA from 2 different organisms combined.

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What is gene therapy?

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A method where a gene is inserted into a human's body using a virus to treat genetic diseases.

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What is selective breeding?

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The process of breeding plants or animals for specific traits, such as breeding a wild cat with a house cat for gentleness.

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What are vectors in genetic engineering?

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Plasmids, yeast, and viruses that are used to transmit DNA from one organism to another.

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What is a bacterial plasmid?

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A small, circular piece of DNA found in bacteria that can be used as a vector for gene transfer.

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What is genetic modification?

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The process of altering the genetic material of an organism to achieve desired traits.

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What is cloning?

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The process of creating a genetically identical copy of an organism or cell.

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What is DNA fingerprinting?

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A technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA patterns.

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What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

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An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

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What are restriction enzymes?

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Proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences, used in genetic engineering.