Correlation vs. Causation

Front

What is correlation?

Back

Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together. A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other also increases, while a negative correlation means that as one variable increases, the other decreases.

Front

What does a correlation coefficient of 1 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient of 1 indicates a perfect positive correlation between two variables.

Front

What does a correlation coefficient of -1 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient of -1 indicates a perfect negative correlation between two variables.

Front

What does a correlation coefficient of 0 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient of 0 indicates no correlation between two variables.

Front

What is the difference between correlation and causation?

Back

Correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, while causation indicates that one variable directly affects the other.

Front

What is a strong positive correlation?

Back

A strong positive correlation is indicated by a correlation coefficient close to 1, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable tends to also increase significantly.

Front

What is a weak positive correlation?

Back

A weak positive correlation is indicated by a correlation coefficient closer to 0 but still positive, meaning that there is a slight tendency for one variable to increase as the other increases.

Front

What is a strong negative correlation?

Back

A strong negative correlation is indicated by a correlation coefficient close to -1, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable tends to decrease significantly.

Front

What is a weak negative correlation?

Back

A weak negative correlation is indicated by a correlation coefficient closer to 0 but still negative, meaning that there is a slight tendency for one variable to decrease as the other increases.

Front

Which of the following indicates causation: 'High social media usage and reduced grades' or 'Car ran out of gas and being stranded on the side of the road'?

Back

'Car ran out of gas and being stranded on the side of the road' indicates causation because one event directly causes the other.