GMAS Review - Biology

Front

What is the primary function of breaking down carbon-based molecules in cells?

Back

It releases energy that animals need to carry out their life functions.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

How do chloroplasts and mitochondria interact in a cell?

Back

Chloroplasts manufacture food through photosynthesis, while mitochondria break down that food to convert it into energy.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

The process of moving molecules across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, using energy.

Front

What does the Hardy-Weinberg principle state?

Back

In a stable population without selective pressures, allele frequencies will remain constant from generation to generation.

Front

Define homeostasis in the context of cellular function.

Back

Homeostasis is the ability of a cell to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Front

What role does energy play in active transport?

Back

Energy is required to move molecules against their concentration gradient, from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.

Front

What is the significance of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Front

What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

Back

Diffusion is the movement of any molecules from high to low concentration, while osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria in cells?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they convert food into usable energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.