DNA Replication Practice Flashcard

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, resulting in two identical DNA molecules.

Front

What are the two main functions of DNA?

Back

1. To store genetic information. 2. To provide instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix made up of two strands of nucleotides, which include a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T).

Front

What is the role of the enzyme DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What does 'semi-conservative' mean in the context of DNA replication?

Back

It means that each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

Where does DNA replication occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

The basic building block of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA?

Back

It ensures accurate replication and transcription of genetic information, as adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.

Front

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA double helix.