UNIT 9 INVESTIGATING MATTER AND ENERGY

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What is a food chain?

Back

A food chain is a linear sequence that shows how energy and nutrients flow from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

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What is a food web?

Back

A food web is a complex network of feeding relationships among various organisms in an ecosystem, showing how they are interconnected.

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What is a trophic level?

Back

A trophic level is a position in a food chain or food web that indicates the organism's role in the flow of energy, such as producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, or tertiary consumer.

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What is a producer?

Back

A producer is an organism that can make its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, typically plants.

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What is a primary consumer?

Back

A primary consumer is an organism that eats producers; they are usually herbivores.

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What is a secondary consumer?

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A secondary consumer is an organism that eats primary consumers; they can be carnivores or omnivores.

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What is a tertiary consumer?

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A tertiary consumer is an organism that eats secondary consumers; they are often at the top of the food chain.

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What happens to energy as it moves up the trophic levels?

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Energy decreases as it moves up the trophic levels due to energy loss at each level, primarily through metabolic processes.

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What is the 10% rule in ecology?

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The 10% rule states that only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next level.

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What is an apex predator?

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An apex predator is a predator at the top of the food chain that has no natural enemies.