3.2 Study Guide

Front

Who was Charlemagne?

Back

A powerful king of the Franks who expanded his territory across much of Western Europe.

Front

Why is Charlemagne significant?

Back

Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as Emperor, marking the beginning of the Holy Roman Empire, symbolizing the close alliance between the Catholic Church and European rulers.

Front

What is Feudalism?

Back

A social and political system where land was exchanged for service and loyalty.

Front

What is the key concept regarding the Pope's crowning of Charlemagne?

Back

The Pope’s crowning of Charlemagne showed the Church’s influence in legitimizing rulers.

Front

Describe the Structure of Feudal Society as shown in the diagram.

Back

The king was at the top, followed by nobles, knights, and peasants.

Front

How did people view William I?

Back

Some historical accounts describe him as greedy and oppressive, especially toward the poor.

Front

What helped Japan resist Mongol conquest?

Back

Natural disasters, especially typhoons, helped prevent successful Mongol invasions—this became known in Japan as “kamikaze” or “divine wind.”

Front

What is Cultural Diffusion?

Back

The spread of ideas, religions, technologies, and customs from one culture to another.

Front

Explain the origins of Japanese Buddhism.

Back

Japanese Buddhism originated from China through the Korean Peninsula.

Front

What happened after the Roman Empire collapsed?

Back

Europe fragmented into smaller kingdoms and territories without central rule.