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A movement mainly made up of farmers favoring government control of the railroad and other large industries because of the high prices farmers had to pay to move their crops on the railroads

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Populism

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An organization that often controlled the local government by offering incentives like jobs and housing to immigrants and the poor in exchange for political support - Example: Tammany Hall and Boss Tweed

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political machines

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Reform that required government jobs to be granted on merit NOT political favors - established by the Pendleton Act

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civil service

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A family's parcel of land and home where they settled. Example - Homestead Act of 1862 during the Civil War gave 160 acres of land out west in exchange for promising to cultivate or farm the land for five years.

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homestead

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A method of stopping work used by workers and labor unions to protest unfair and often dangerous working conditions, wages, and work hours.

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labor strike

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A federal holiday established in 1894 at the conclusion of the Pullman Strike to honor and recognize the American labor movement and the workers for their role and contributions to achievements in the United States.

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Labor Day

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system in which private business is allowed to operate and expand their business with little of no government control

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free enterprise

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a term referring to living in the country rather than in a town - prior to 1870's the majority of the people in the country areas of the United States

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rural

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A term referring to living in a town rather than the country. 11 million people moved to city/town areas from 1870 to 1920.

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urban

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Individuals who developed new ideas and capital (money) to create business opportunities; often took financial risks to do so

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entrepreneurs