Chapter 4 Phonics Review

Front

You have noticed that a vowel may have a long ______ in three contexts.

Back

sound

Front

Context A:

A word that ends in e preceded by a ______ consonant usually has a ______ sound for the first vowel.

Back

• single

• long

Examples:

• cake → /kāk/ (long a)

• hope → /hōp/ (long o)

• ride → /rīd/ (long i)

• cube → /kyūb/ (long u)

Front

Context B:

When there are two consecutive vowels, the ______ vowel is usually long, and the second one is silent (or a marker), unless the two vowels are a ______.

Back

First

Dipthong

Examples:

• boat → /bōt/ (long o, second vowel silent)

• team → /tēam/ (long e)

• rain → /rān/ (long a)

EXCEPTION (diphthongs):
Two vowels both pronounced as a blend (gliding sound):

• coin → /kɔɪn/

• loud → /laʊd/

Front

Context C:

When the only vowel comes at the ______ of a syllable or word, that vowel is usually long.

Back

end

Examples:

• he → /hē/

• go → /gō/

• me → /mē/

• robot → ro- = long o, -bot = closed syllable

Front

Short vowel sounds appear in a syllable or word that ends in a ______ or a consonant cluster.

Back

consonant

Examples:

• cat (/kăt/)

• bed (/bĕd/)

• jump (/jŭmp/)

• flag (/flăg/)

Front

R-controlled vowels are neither long nor ______. They have a sound determined by the ______ that follows them.

Back

• short

• r

Examples:

• car (/kɑr/)

• bird (/bɝd/)

• fur (/fɝ/)

• her (/hɝ/)

Front

Y represents the long ______ sound when it appears at the end of a word with more than two syllables.

Back

e

Long e: happy, sunny, crazy

Front

Y has the long ______ sound when it appears at the end of a word with only one syllable.

Back

i

Long i: cry, fly, my

Front

There are two types of vowel clusters: vowel ______ and vowel ______ or diphthongs.

Back

• digraphs

• blends

Digraphs (1 sound):

• team (/tēm/)

• boat (/bōt/)

• Blends (2 sounds blended):

  • coin (/kɔɪn/)

  • loud (/laʊd/)

Front

A digraph represents ______ sound. A ______ represents a blend of two vowel sounds.

Back

• one

• blend (diphthong)

• Digraphs:

  • meet (/mēt/)

  • coat (/kōt/)

• Diphthongs:

  • boy (/bɔɪ/)

  • cloud (/klaʊd/)