Chemical Reactions and Reactivity Flashcard

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What is a chemical reaction?

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A process in which one or more substances are converted into different substances, involving the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.

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What is reactivity in chemistry?

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Reactivity refers to the tendency of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction, either by itself or with other materials.

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What is electrophilic substitution?

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A reaction where an electrophile replaces a substituent in an aromatic compound, often used in organic synthesis.

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What is oxymercuration-demercuration?

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A two-step reaction that converts alkenes to alcohols using mercuric acetate and sodium borohydride.

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What is hydroboration-oxidation?

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A two-step reaction that converts alkenes to alcohols, involving the addition of borane followed by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide.

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What is the role of KMnO4 in organic reactions?

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Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a strong oxidizing agent used to oxidize alkenes to diols or carboxylic acids.

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What is Jones' reagent?

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A solution of chromium trioxide in sulfuric acid, used for the oxidation of alcohols to ketones or carboxylic acids.

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What is the significance of benzaldehyde in organic chemistry?

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Benzaldehyde is an aromatic aldehyde used as a precursor in the synthesis of various organic compounds.

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What is the difference between benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid?

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Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol with a hydroxyl group, while benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid with a carboxyl group.

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What is a multi-step reaction?

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A reaction that involves multiple steps or stages, where the product of one step becomes the reactant for the next.