NOS Vocabulary

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Empirical Evidence

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Information gained by using your senses or tools to observe and measure the world.

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Logical Reasoning

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Using clear, step-by-step thinking to make sense of data or reach a conclusion.

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Evaluating New Evidence

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Looking at new facts or data to see if they support or change what we already believe.

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Comparing Methods and Results

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Looking at how different scientists did an experiment and what results they got.

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Replication

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Doing the same experiment again to see if you get the same results.

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Scientific Models

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Drawings, diagrams, simulations, or objects used to help explain something hard to observe.

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Using Technology

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Tools like computers, sensors, or microscopes that help scientists collect or study data.

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Modifying Theories Based on New Evidence

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Changing ideas when new information shows something different.

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Scientific Theory

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A well-tested explanation that is supported by lots of evidence.

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Scientific Law

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A rule that describes a pattern in nature and states what is always true under the same conditions.