Entropy

Front

What is entropy?

Back

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. It quantifies the amount of energy in a physical system that is not available to do work.

Front

True/False: The rate of a chemical reaction is unrelated to the spontaneity of the reaction.

Back

True

Front

What is a spontaneous process?

Back

A spontaneous process is one that occurs without the need for external intervention.

Front

In which direction do systems in nature tend to change?

Back

Systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward lower energy and more disorder.

Front

Which process represents a decrease in entropy?

Back

Condensation of steam on cold glass.

Front

Which reaction shows a decrease in entropy?

Back

3O2(g) → 2O3(g).

Front

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

Back

The second law states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.

Front

What is the relationship between entropy and temperature?

Back

As temperature increases, the entropy of a system generally increases because the particles have more energy and move more freely.

Front

What is an example of a process that increases entropy?

Back

The melting of ice into water increases entropy as the structured arrangement of ice molecules becomes more disordered.

Front

What does it mean for a reaction to be endothermic?

Back

An endothermic reaction absorbs heat from its surroundings, leading to a decrease in the temperature of the surroundings.