Genetics Flashcard

Front

What is the definition of genotype?

Back

The genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, represented by the alleles inherited from the parents.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

Front

What is the phenotype of an individual with the genotype 'gg'?

Back

The phenotype is purple, as 'g' represents the recessive allele.

Front

What is co-dominance in genetics?

Back

Co-dominance occurs when both alleles in a heterozygous individual are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows both traits.

Front

Give an example of a co-dominant trait in animals.

Back

An example is the coat color in cows, where both red and white colors can be expressed.

Front

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?

Back

Homozygous means having two identical alleles for a trait, while heterozygous means having two different alleles.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

Front

What does the term 'allele' refer to?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

Front

What is the significance of the 'GG' genotype?

Back

The 'GG' genotype indicates a homozygous dominant individual, which will express the dominant trait.

Front

What is the role of chromosomes in genetics?

Back

Chromosomes carry genetic information in the form of genes, which determine inherited traits.