Research Methods II: Qualitative Research Designs - Ethnography

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What is ethnography?

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Ethnography studies the practices of human social and cultural groups.

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In which field was ethnography developed?

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Ethnography was developed in anthropology.

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What recent trend in ethnography seeks to critique classroom practices?

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Critical ethnography seeks to critique classroom practices by situating them within larger political contexts.

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What distinguishes ethnography from other types of observational research?

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Ethnography is distinguished by its longitudinal research design.

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What is the aim of ethnography?

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The aim of ethnography is to understand what a group's practices mean to its members.

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What is required for developing an understanding in ethnographic research?

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It requires immersion in the research setting for an extended period of time.

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What must a researcher maintain to effectively observe and analyze community practices?

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The researcher must maintain some degree of detachment.

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What is key characteristics of an ethnographic study according to Creswell?

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1. 1. Cultural themes

2. 2. A cultural-sharing group, shared patterns of behaviour, belief, and language

3. 3. Fieldwork

4. 4. Description, themes and interpretation

5. 5. Context or setting

6. 6. Researcher reflexibility

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What are primary methods of data collection in ethnography?

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Primary methods include observation and field notes, interviews, collection of artifacts, and recordings of culturally salient interactions.

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What is participant observation in ethnography?

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Participant observation is when the researcher participates directly in the community.