Unit 4 Genetics: Heredity Review

Front

What is meiosis?

Back

Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in the formation of gametes (sperm and eggs).

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What are homologous alleles?

Back

Homologous alleles are pairs of alleles (one from each parent) that are located at the same position on homologous chromosomes and can be either dominant or recessive.

Front

What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous recessive?

Back

An organism is homozygous recessive when it has two identical recessive alleles for a trait, such as 'tt' for a trait controlled by the 'T' gene.

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms, showing the possible combinations of alleles.

Front

Define genotype.

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, specifically the alleles it possesses for a particular trait.

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Define phenotype.

Back

Phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environment.

Front

What is the definition of probability in genetics?

Back

Probability in genetics refers to the likelihood of a particular genetic outcome occurring, often expressed as a fraction or percentage.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles are expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles are only expressed when two copies are present.

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What does heterozygous mean?

Back

An organism is heterozygous when it has two different alleles for a specific trait, such as 'Bb'.

Front

What is heredity?

Back

Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes.