Protein Synthesis DOL

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What is Protein Synthesis?

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The process by which cells generate proteins based on the genetic instructions carried by mRNA.

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What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

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DNA contains the genetic blueprint that is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into proteins.

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What is mRNA?

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Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single strand of nucleotides that carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

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What is transcription?

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Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

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What is translation?

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Translation is the process where ribosomes read mRNA sequences to synthesize proteins by linking amino acids together.

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What is a codon?

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A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

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What is the start codon?

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The start codon is AUG, which codes for Methionine and signals the beginning of protein synthesis.

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What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

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Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

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What is the significance of the genetic code?

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The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA and RNA is translated into proteins.

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What are amino acids?

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Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, linked together in specific sequences to form polypeptides.