Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle

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What is the Carbon Cycle?

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The Carbon Cycle is the process by which carbon is exchanged among the atmosphere, land, water, and living organisms. It involves processes like photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and combustion.

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What is Nitrogen Fixation?

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Nitrogen Fixation is the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into a form that plants can use, such as ammonia (NH3). This is primarily done by certain bacteria.

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What role do bacteria play in the Nitrogen Cycle?

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Bacteria are essential in the Nitrogen Cycle as they help in nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification, making nitrogen available to plants and returning it to the atmosphere.

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How do plants contribute to the Carbon Cycle?

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Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis, converting it into organic matter, which is then used by other organisms in the food chain.

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What is a carbon sink?

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A carbon sink is a natural or artificial reservoir that accumulates and stores carbon-containing chemical compounds for an indefinite period. Examples include forests, oceans, and soil.

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What is the impact of deforestation on the Carbon Cycle?

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Deforestation increases atmospheric carbon levels by reducing the number of trees that can absorb carbon dioxide, leading to higher greenhouse gas concentrations.

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What is the significance of oceans in the Carbon Cycle?

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Oceans act as a major carbon sink, absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and playing a crucial role in regulating global climate.

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What is photosynthesis?

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Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, using carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

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What is respiration in the context of the Carbon Cycle?

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Respiration is the process by which living organisms convert glucose and oxygen into energy, releasing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts, thus returning carbon to the atmosphere.

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What is denitrification?

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Denitrification is the process by which bacteria convert nitrates in the soil back into nitrogen gas (N2), releasing it into the atmosphere and completing the nitrogen cycle.