Biology Keystone Exam Review

Front

What property of water helps to moderate earth's temperature?

Back

Specific heat capacity: It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance. Water's high specific heat capacity allows it to absorb and store heat, moderating temperature changes in the environment.

Front

What is the genotype of the offspring when a homozygous round seed (RR) is crossed with a wrinkled seed (rr)?

Back

The offspring will be Rr: This indicates that all offspring will have one allele for round seeds and one for wrinkled seeds, resulting in round seeds being expressed.

Front

During which phase of the meiotic cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Back

Interphase: This is the phase where the cell prepares for division by replicating its DNA.

Front

What do the cells of E. coli bacteria and an elephant have in common?

Back

Ribosomes that assemble protein: Both E. coli and elephant cells contain ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick to one another called?

Back

Cohesion: This property allows water molecules to stick together, which is important for various biological processes.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria in cells?

Back

Mitochondria produce energy: They are known as the powerhouse of the cell, converting nutrients into energy through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis: They convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Front

What is the basic unit of life?

Back

Cell: The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism.

Front

What is the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.

Front

What is the process by which cells divide to form two identical daughter cells?

Back

Mitosis: This process is essential for growth, development, and tissue repair.