Modified Biology I TEST: DNA & Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the structure of DNA composed of?

Back

DNA is composed of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and nitrogen bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine).

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogen base.

Front

What are the four nitrogen bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogen bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G).

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

Are all mutations harmful?

Back

No, not all mutations are harmful; some can be beneficial or neutral.

Front

What determines the genetic code in DNA?

Back

The genetic code in DNA is determined by the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases.