AP Chemistry Unit 9 Vocab

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Entropy

Back

Dispersal of matter and energy in a system; measure of disorder/randomness of a system

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Gibbs free energy

Back

The energy in a system that can be used to drive chemical reactions.

-ΔG = spontaneous/ favored reaction

Front

Gibbs free energy equation

Back

ΔG= ΔH(enthalpy)- TΔS(entropy)

Front

Entropy equation

Back

∆S = ∆S(products) - ∆S(reactants)

Front

Thermodynamically favorable conditions

Back

-ΔH, -ΔG

+ΔS, +E_cell

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Kinetic control

Back

Processes that are thermodynamically stable but proceed so slowly it appears products are not being made; often requires catalyst to proceed

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Coupled reactions

Back

Pairs of chemical reactions in which some of the energy released from the breakdown of one compound is used to create a bond in the formation of another compound

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Galvanic cell

Back

Electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous redox reaction takes place; also called a voltaic cell

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Electrolytic cell

Back

Cell that uses electrical energy to produce a chemical change that would otherwise not occur spontaneously

Front

Electrochemical cell

Back

A device that transforms chemical energy into electrical energy (galvanic/voltaic) or vice versa (electrolytic)