Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription and Translation.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA sequence as a template.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

The building blocks of proteins, coded for by sequences of nucleotides in mRNA.

Front

How many nucleotides are needed to code for one amino acid?

Back

Three nucleotides (a codon) are needed to code for one amino acid.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the mRNA codons.