DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix, separating the two strands to allow replication.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the leading strand in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

Front

What is the lagging strand in DNA replication?

Back

The lagging strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized discontinuously in short segments (Okazaki fragments) opposite to the direction of the replication fork.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme that adds free nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What is the role of DNA ligase?

Back

DNA ligase is the enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments together on the lagging strand, sealing the gaps between them.