SM AP Biology Genetics Review

Front

What is the function of DNA?

Back

DNA stores and transmits genetic information necessary for the growth, development, and reproduction of organisms.

Front

Define autosomal recessive inheritance.

Back

Autosomal recessive inheritance requires two copies of a recessive allele for the trait to be expressed.

Front

What is the sequence of genes on the chromosome in Drosophila for eye colour (pr), wing shape (vg), and body colour (eb)?

Back

vg - pr - eb

Front

At the end of which round of meiosis is the cell haploid?

Back

Meiosis I

Front

What fraction of offspring from the cross AaBB x Aabb will be heterozygous for both traits?

Back

8/16

Front

What is the role of alleles in genetics?

Back

Alleles are different versions of a gene that determine specific traits.

Front

What is the principle of independent assortment?

Back

The principle of independent assortment states that alleles for different traits segregate independently of one another during gamete formation.

Front

Define homozygous and heterozygous genotypes.

Back

Homozygous genotypes have two identical alleles for a trait, while heterozygous genotypes have two different alleles.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.