John Locke: Social Contract Theory
Topic 1.5 Enlightenment Influences on Government

Flashcard
•
Social Studies
•
10th Grade
•
Hard
Jeremy Mayeux
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19 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
Individuals possess natural rights (life, liberty, property) in a state of nature. To protect these rights and maintain order, individuals consent to be governed. Government is established to protect rights and ensure justice. If a government fails its obligations or violates citizens' rights, people have the right to revolt and establish a new government.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
John Locke: Natural Rights
Back
Rights are inherent to individuals and cannot be legitimately violated by any authority. Influenced modern liberal democracy, including the U.S. Declaration of Independence and Bill of Rights.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
John Locke: Limited Government
Back
Advocated for a government with limited powers, constrained by law and the consent of the governed. Government's purpose is to protect individual rights and promote the common good.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Montesquieu: Separation of Powers
Back
Governmental authority should be divided among legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Prevents concentration of power and safeguards against tyranny.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Montesquieu: Checks and Balances
Back
Each branch of government should have the means to check the powers of the others. Promotes accountability, transparency, and preservation of individual liberties.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Montesquieu: Rule of Law
Back
All individuals, including government officials, are subject to impartial laws consistently applied. Ensures predictability, transparency, and fairness in government actions.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Hobbes: State of Nature
Back
Humanity in a primal state is characterized by chaos, conflict, and self-interest. Without governing authority, individuals compete for resources, leading to a perpetual state of war.
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