Biology 2 Evolution Practice Test

Front

What are the five conditions required for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Back

1. No mutations 2. Random mating 3. No natural selection 4. Extremely large population size 5. No gene flow (migration)

Front

What happens if any of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium conditions are violated?

Back

The population will be evolving.

Front

What is mechanical isolation in the context of speciation?

Back

Mechanical isolation occurs when differences in reproductive structures prevent mating between species.

Front

What is stabilizing selection?

Back

Stabilizing selection favors individuals of average size, leading to a decrease in variation.

Front

What is disruptive selection?

Back

Disruptive selection favors individuals at both extremes of a phenotypic range, leading to two or more contrasting phenotypes.

Front

What is genetic drift?

Back

Genetic drift is a random change in allele frequencies in a population, often having a more significant effect in small populations.

Front

What is the effect of genetic drift in a small, isolated population?

Back

Genetic drift can lead to significant shifts in allele frequencies, potentially resulting in the fixation or loss of alleles.

Front

What is the difference between habitat isolation and geographic isolation?

Back

Habitat isolation occurs when species live in different habitats and do not meet, while geographic isolation occurs when physical barriers separate populations.

Front

What is temporal isolation?

Back

Temporal isolation occurs when species breed at different times, preventing mating.

Front

What is the role of natural selection in evolution?

Back

Natural selection is the process by which individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to evolutionary change.