Chemistry: Acids, Bases, and Solutions vocabulary

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Acid

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A chemical that, if dissolved in water, produces hydrogen ions (H+). They taste sour, turn blue litmus paper red, and have a pH less than 7.

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Amphoteric Substance

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A substance that can behave as either an acid or base.

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Arrhenius Base

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A chemical that, if dissolved in water, produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution.

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Arrhenius Acid

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A compound that dissociates in solution to add (H+) ions to a solution.

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Bases

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A substance that can accept protons (H+) or donate hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. Bases are the opposite of acids and can neutralize them. They taste bitter, feel slippery, turn red litmus paper blue, and have a pH greater than 7.

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Binary Acids

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Consists of hydrogen and a non-metal element. They are named with the prefix 'hydro-'.

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Bronsted-Lowry Model of acid and bases

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A model proposing that an acid is a proton donor and that the base is a proton acceptor.

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Buffered Solution

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A solution that resists a change in pH when either an acid or base is added.

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Buret

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A device for the accurate measurement of the delivery of a given volume of liquid or solution.

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Conjugate Acid-Base Pair

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Two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting a single proton.