Living Environment Regents Prep 4

Front

What is natural selection?

Back

Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. It explains the evolutionary consequences observed in the fossil record.

Front

What percentage of thymine (T) is in a DNA sample with 32% cytosine (C)?

Back

18% thymine (T) is present in the DNA sample.

Front

What is a benefit of using solar energy?

Back

Using less fossil fuel to meet energy needs is a significant benefit of solar energy.

Front

What does ATP do in cellular transport?

Back

ATP is used to move molecules out of the cell against their concentration gradient, as seen in Cell A.

Front

What type of beak adaptation would finches have to feed on grasshoppers and beetles?

Back

Finches would have beaks adapted for probing or grasping to feed on these consumers.

Front

Define 'fossil record'.

Back

The fossil record is the history of life on Earth as documented by fossils, which are the preserved remains or traces of organisms.

Front

What is the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis?

Back

Carbon dioxide is a key reactant in photosynthesis, where it is converted into glucose and oxygen using sunlight.

Front

Explain the concept of 'concentration gradient'.

Back

A concentration gradient is the difference in the concentration of a substance across a space, which drives the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration.

Front

What is the significance of DNA base pairing?

Back

DNA base pairing ensures accurate replication and transcription, with adenine pairing with thymine and cytosine pairing with guanine.

Front

What is the difference between renewable and nonrenewable energy sources?

Back

Renewable energy sources can be replenished naturally (e.g., solar, wind), while nonrenewable sources (e.g., fossil fuels) are finite and will eventually deplete.