AP Biology Review

Front

What are polysaccharides, triglycerides, and proteins synthesized from?

Back

They are synthesized from subunits by dehydration reactions.

Front

What is a characteristic feature of a carrier protein in a plasma membrane?

Back

It exhibits a specificity for a particular type of molecule.

Front

Where would you expect to find a hydrophobic amino acid like valine in a protein?

Back

In the interior of the folded protein, away from water, or in the transmembrane portion interacting with lipid fatty acid chains.

Front

Why are cell membranes asymmetrical?

Back

Two sides of a cell membrane face different environments and carry out different functions.

Front

What is the pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

Back

ER - Golgi - vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

Front

What is dehydration synthesis?

Back

A chemical reaction that builds up molecules by losing water molecules.

Front

What role do enzymes play in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

Passive transport does not require energy, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Front

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) 'head' and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) 'tails'.