Mendelian Genetics Review

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What is a dominant trait?

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A dominant trait is a characteristic that is always expressed in the phenotype when at least one dominant allele is present.

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What is a recessive trait?

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A recessive trait is a characteristic that is only expressed in the phenotype when two recessive alleles are present.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as AA or aa.

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Aa.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

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What is the probability of offspring?

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The probability of offspring refers to the likelihood of a particular trait being expressed in the offspring based on parental genotypes.

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What is the ratio of offspring from two heterozygous parents?

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The expected ratio of offspring from two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa) is 1:2:1 for AA:Aa:aa.