Front

Identify

Back

Indicate or provide information about a specified topic, without elaboration or explanation.

Front

Explain

Back

Provide information about how or why a relationship, process, pattern, position, situation, or outcome occurs, using evidence and/or reasoning to support or qualify a claim.

Front

Evaluate

Back

Judge or determine the significance or importance of information, or the quality or accuracy of a claim.

Front

State (H0/HA)

Back

Indicate or provide a hypothesis to support or defend a claim about a scientifically testable question.

Front

Justify

Back

Provide evidence to support, qualify, or defend a claim, and/or provide reasoning to explain how that evidence supports or qualifies the claim.

Front

Describe

Back

Provide a detailed account or representation of a process, relationship, or phenomenon.

Front

Determine

Back

Establish or conclude something after consideration or calculation.

Front

Make a claim

Back

Assert that something is true, typically without providing evidence.

Front

Support a claim

Back

Provide evidence or reasoning that backs up a claim made.

Front

Predict

Back

Make an educated guess about the outcome of a future event based on current evidence or reasoning.