Extracting Metals

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Extracting metals: Learning objectives

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- Describe the steps to extract a metal from its ore. - Name metals that are extracted by heating their ores with carbon. - Calculate the mass of metal in an ore.

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Key word: Ore

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A naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be extracted profitably.

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What is an ore?

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A rock that contains enough of a metal or metal compound to make it worth extracting.

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Iron ore composition

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Iron ore is a mixture of iron oxide and other compounds.

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Aluminium ore composition

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Aluminium ore is a mixture of aluminium oxide and other compounds.

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How much metal is in an ore?

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Calculate using the mass of ore and the percentage of metal in the ore.

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Example calculation of metal in ore

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Mass of iron = percentage of iron in ore × mass of ore

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Steps to extract iron from its ore

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1. Separate iron oxide from the compounds it is mixed with. 2. Use chemical reactions to extract iron from iron oxide.

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Physical change in metal extraction

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Separating iron oxide from compounds is a physical change.

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Reactivity series placement

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Carbon is placed between aluminium and zinc in the reactivity series.