Cell Cycle Flashcard

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication). It consists of phases: Interphase (G1, S, G2) and Mitotic phase (M).

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What happens during Interphase?

Back

Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows (G1), duplicates its DNA (S), and prepares for mitosis (G2).

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What occurs during Prophase?

Back

During Prophase, DNA condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope dissolves, and centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell.

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What is Telophase?

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Telophase is the final stage of mitosis where chromosomes unwind into diffuse DNA, the nuclear envelope reforms, and the cell begins to split.

Front

Define Cytokinesis.

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Cytokinesis is the process that follows mitosis, where the cytoplasm of a parental cell divides into two daughter cells.

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What are Sister Chromatids?

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Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome, connected by a centromere, that are separated during Anaphase.

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What is the role of the centromere?

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The centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Front

What occurs during Anaphase?

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During Anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell by the spindle fibers.

Front

What is the significance of the G1 phase?

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The G1 phase is the first stage of Interphase where the cell grows and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication.

Front

What happens in the S phase?

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In the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes.