Biology Mock SOL #1

Front

What type of transport does the sodium-potassium pump use?

Back

Active Transport: A process that moves ions against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Front

What is the importance of the start codon in protein synthesis?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation, allowing ribosomes to assemble amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is pasteurization?

Back

A process of heating food (like milk) to kill harmful bacteria and extend shelf life.

Front

What is a food chain?

Back

A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

Front

What factors can slow the progression of an ecosystem from shrublands to forests?

Back

Low rainfall and periodic fires can prevent the growth of trees in shrubland ecosystems.

Front

What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in cells?

Back

It maintains the electrochemical gradient by pumping sodium out and potassium into the cell.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

The movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

A process of passive transport that uses transport proteins to move molecules across the cell membrane without energy.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon AUG?

Back

It codes for the amino acid methionine and marks the start of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the main benefit of pasteurizing milk?

Back

It makes the milk less likely to cause illness from bacteria.