Elections that disrupt party coalitions and create new ones in a party realignment

A process whereby voters move toward nonpartisanship thus weakening the structure of political parties

The transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states (New Federalism)

One party controls executive branch, and other party controls legislative branch creates gridlock. When the president is from one political party and 1 or both houses of congress are controlled by the opposing political party.

Promises made by the government to an identifiable group of people who are guaranteed benefits

A presidential directive. A rule issued by the president that has the force of law

Powers that congress has that are specifically listed in the constitution. Powers that are given to an institution of government directly in the Constitution, such as Congress's power to tax.

A system of government where power is shared between the national government and the states in which states have some protected powers.

A legislator who gives long speeches in an effort to delay or obstruct legislation that he/she opposes. A procedure used in the Senate to talk a bill to death.

The use of spending by the national government through the grant process to influence state policies. The federal government efforts to keep the economy stable by increasing or decreasing taxes or government spending.

Impacting the economy through taxing and spending in the budget. The federal government efforts to keep the economy stable by increasing or decreasing taxes or government spending.

The free mail and electronic signature system used by members of congress. Benefit allowing members of congress to mail letters and other materials postage-free.

The tendency of men to support candidates from the Republican party at greater rates than women. The difference between the political opinions or political behavior of men and women.

An election to select the person who will hold office. Occurs every four years and include the presidential election.

Drawing congressional district boundaries to benefit a group, usually a political party. Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.

Ordinary citizens raising awareness for a cause and pushing the government to adopt a particular policy. Efforts by groups and associations to influence elected officials INDIRECTLY, by arousing their constituents.

Horse race journalism

The tendency of the media to focus on which candidate is ahead and in the polls rather than focusing on the issues. Election coverage by the mass media that focuses on which candidate is ahead rather than on national issues.

Powers that are necessary to carry out an expressed power in the Constitution, like the power of Congress to establish a bank. Powers that Congress has that are NOT stated explicitly in the Constitution.

An officeholder who is running for reelection. The fact that being in office helps a person stay in office because of a variety of benefits that go with the position.

Independent expenditures

$ spent on ads that are not sponsored by a candidate or party. Spending by PAC's, corporations, or labor unions that is done to help a party or candidate but is done independently of them.

Power that are naturally derived from the duties of a specific government position. The powers of the national government in foreign affairs that the Supreme Court has declared do not depend on constitutional grants but rather grow out of the very existence of the national government.

An Organization that advocates for polices through lobbying, electioneering, grassroots mobilization and protesting. A group of people with common goals who organize to influence government.

Issue network (Iron Triangle)

A relationship between interest groups, agencies, and congressional committees in a certain policy area.

A philosophy that the supreme court should make bold new policy. Philosophy proposing that judges should interpret the Constitution to reflect current conditions and values.

The power of the Supreme Court to overturn a law or executive action as unconstitutional. The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national governments unconstitutional.

The time during which a president who has lost an election or has ended a 2nd term is still in office before the new president serves

A lawsuit. A legal proceeding in a court.

Efforts by an interest group or individual to contact a member of congress and advocate for a particular policy. Direct contact made by an interest group representative in order to persuade government official.

When members of Congress trade votes for favors in order to get the bills they support passed. An arrangement in which two or more members of Congress agree in advance to support each other's bills.

Expenditures that the federal government is obligated to make, like entitlements, and interest on the national debt. Spending authorized by law that continues without the need for annual approvals of Congress.

An election in which voters select members of congress but not the president.

Government policy that attempts to manage the economy by controlling the money supply.

A vote by 60 senators to end a filibuster. The only procedure by which the senate can vote to place a time limit on the consideration of a bill or other matter and there by overcome a filibuster.

An election to determine a party's candidate for office in which that party's members and unaffiliated voters that may vote. A primary in which any registered voter can vote, but must vote for candidates of only one party (can't split ticket)

Making judicial decisions by considering what the founding fathers meant in the constitution the framers. Many conservatives support this view

Congressional committee hearings held to determine how well an agency is doing. The effort by congress, through hearings, investigations, and other techniques, to exercise control over the activities of executive agencies.

An organization that is registered with the Federal Election Committee and donates $ to a candidate or campaign. a special-interest group.

When political parties move farther away from each other ideologically and also move away from the center. The tendency of the Democratic party to take more liberal positions and the Republican party to take more conservative positions on key issues.

A theory of government in which many groups compete for policy. A theory of government that holds that open, multiple, and competing groups can check the asserted power by any one group.

When a president does not sign a bill within 10 days when congress is not in session. When a President kills a bill passed during the last 10 days Congress is in session by simply refusing to act on it.

Problems that have the attention of the government and the public. The issues that attract the serious attention of public officials and other people actually involved in politics at any given point in time.

The shared political values of society. An overall set of values widely shared within a society.

An individual's belief that his or her political participation can make a difference. Citizen's capacity to understand and influence political events.

AP Government Monster Vocab Flashcards

Student preview

65 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Amicus Curiae

Back

An argument filed with a court by an individual or group who is not a party to a lawsuit. " Friend of the Court".

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Block Grant

Back

Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Categorical Grants

Back

Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes or "categories," of state and local spending. They come with strings attached, such as nondiscrimination provisions. Compare to block grants.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Casework

Back

Activities of members of congress that help constituents as individuals; cutting through bureaucratic red tape to get people what they think they have a right to get

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Caucus

Back

A group of like-minded individuals who meet to select the candidate(s) they will support in the upcoming election.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Closed Primary

Back

A primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can vote.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Cooperative federalism

Back

A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government. They may also share costs, administration, and even blame for programs that work poorly.

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