1.1 & 1.2 Heredity & Environment, Nervous System

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Evolutionary Perspective

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A theoretical approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective.

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Natural Selection

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The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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Eugenics

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A set of beliefs and practices that aim to improve the genetic quality of a human population, often associated with controversial and unethical practices.

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Twin Studies

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Research studies conducted on identical or fraternal twins to understand the influence of genetics and environment on human traits.

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Central Nervous System

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The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

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Peripheral Nervous System

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The part of the nervous system that consists of the nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord.

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Autonomic Nervous System

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A part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary body functions like heartbeat, digestion, and breathing.

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Somatic Nervous System

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The part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles.

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Sympathetic Nervous System

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A part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for intense physical activity and is often referred to as the fight-or-flight response.

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Parasympathetic Nervous System

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A part of the autonomic nervous system that relaxes the body and inhibits or slows many high energy functions.