Oscillations and Simple Harmonic Motion

Front

What is the definition of simple harmonic motion (SHM)?

Back

Acceleration of a particle is directly proportional to its displacement from the equilibrium position and in opposite directions.

Front

What is the small angle approximation in the context of oscillations?

Back

For small values of the angle, the position of the bob is approximated to simplify calculations.

Front

What is the equilibrium position in oscillations?

Back

The middle position where the forces acting on the bob are balanced.

Front

What is the restoring force in SHM?

Back

The force due to the spring that tries to restore the object to the equilibrium position.

Front

What does the graph of acceleration against displacement look like in SHM?

Back

It has a negative gradient due to the negative sign in the equation a = -w^2 x

Front

What is the shape of the velocity against displacement graph in SHM?

Back

It looks like an ellipse.

Front

What is the maximum velocity of the bob in SHM?

Back

It occurs at the mean or equilibrium position where x=0.

Front

What is the total energy in SHM?

Back

Total energy remains constant throughout the motion.

Front

What are the three types of damping in oscillations?

Back

1. Under damping: Gradual reduction in amplitude. 2. Critical damping: Amplitude reduces to 0 in the shortest time. 3. Over damping: Gradual reduction with no oscillations.

Front

What is an example of critical damping?

Back

A shock absorber on a bike.