Chapter 4: The Middle Ages

Front

The founder of Islam, regarded as a prophet by the Muslims.

Back

Muhammad.

Front

The territory in modern-day Central Italy that was overseen by the Pope from the eighth century until 1870.

Back

The Papal States.

Front

A practice in the Middle Ages whereby secular rulers chose the bishops for their territories, thus usurping the right of the pope to choose bishops.

Back

Lay Investiture.

Front

The controversial practice of selling and buying positions or favor within the Church. The Church condemns this practice.

Back

Simony

Front

The governing system that prevailed in Europe in the Middle Ages in which a superior or lord granted land to a vassal in return for military services of that vassal.

Back

Feudalism

Front

An image for the church that arose during the middle ages as the church was increasingly valued for her ability to provide protection and security, not only from dangers of this world, but from the uncertainty of the next world.

Back

The Church as a Sheepfold.

Front

Word used by Muslims to refer to those who do not profess Islam and therefore are unbelievers.

Back

Infidel

Front

The word 'Islam' is Arabic for what?

Back

Submission.

Front

"Devoted family man, Christian, a visionary ruler, and a powerful knight. Named Protector of the Papacy and Holy Roman Emperor in the year 800."

Back

Charlemagne

Front

Ruler who aligned himself with the Pope to legitimize himself as the true Christian ruler of the Franks.

Back

Pepin the Short