Evolution & Ecology

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Allele frequency

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A measure of how common a certain allele is in a population.

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Species

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Groups of organisms that are closely related and can reproduce fertile offspring.

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Stabilizing selection

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A shift of allele frequency towards the middle, favoring average phenotypes.

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Vestigial structures

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Structures that have lost most or all of their original function through evolution.

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Homologous structures

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Anatomical features in different organisms that share a common ancestry.

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Natural selection

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The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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Gene pool

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The total collection of genes in a population at any one time.

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Disruptive selection

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A type of natural selection that favors extreme phenotypes over intermediate ones.

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Analogous structures

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Structures in different species that perform similar functions but do not share a common ancestry.

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Evolution

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The change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.