NC Grade 8 Science EOG Review (ERMS)

Front

What is a food web?

Back

A food web is a complex network of feeding relationships among various organisms in an ecosystem, showing how energy and nutrients flow through different trophic levels.

Front

What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?

Back

The primary source of energy for most ecosystems is the sun, which provides energy for photosynthesis in plants.

Front

Define producers in an ecosystem.

Back

Producers are organisms, typically plants and algae, that can make their own food through photosynthesis, forming the base of the food web.

Front

What role do consumers play in a food web?

Back

Consumers are organisms that eat other organisms (producers or other consumers) to obtain energy. They can be herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores.

Front

What is the significance of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Back

Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the soil and making them available for producers.

Front

Explain the concept of trophic levels.

Back

Trophic levels represent the different stages in a food chain or food web, categorized as producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers.

Front

What is an energy pyramid?

Back

An energy pyramid is a graphical representation showing the flow of energy at each trophic level in an ecosystem, illustrating that energy decreases as it moves up the pyramid.

Front

How does energy transfer between trophic levels?

Back

Energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient; typically, only about 10% of the energy is passed on to the next level, while the rest is lost as heat.

Front

What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

Back

A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next, while a food web is a more complex network of interconnected food chains.

Front

Define herbivores and give an example.

Back

Herbivores are animals that primarily eat plants. An example is a rabbit.