2025 Genetics Vocabulary Flashcard - Genetics

Front

What is a HETEROZYGOUS genotype?

Back

A genotype with two different alleles for a trait, represented as Bb.

Front

What is a trait?

Back

A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.

Front

What is the probability of a dominant trait showing up in a Punnett Square if one parent is homozygous dominant and the other is homozygous recessive?

Back

50%.

Front

How many chromosomes does a clone have compared to its parent?

Back

The same exact number.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Having two identical alleles for a trait, such as BB or bb.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for a specific trait.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup (e.g., BB, Bb, bb), while phenotype refers to the observable characteristics (e.g., brown eyes, blue eyes).

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

An allele that expresses its trait even when paired with a recessive allele.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

An allele that only expresses its trait when paired with another recessive allele.

Front

What is heredity?

Back

The passing of traits from parents to offspring.