EOY Practice Flashcard #5 - Evolution & Ecology

Front

What is the founder effect?

Back

The loss of genetic diversity that occurs when a small number of individuals from a large population of a species establish a new population.

Front

What is the relationship between closely related organisms in terms of DNA?

Back

Two organisms that are closely related would have very similar DNA sequences.

Front

What is mutualism?

Back

A symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit.

Front

In what circumstance would a brown lizard mutation be most beneficial?

Back

The brown color provides better camouflage from predators.

Front

If there are 100 Kcal of energy in producers, how much energy is available in herbivores?

Back

10 Kcal.

Front

What is the bottleneck effect?

Back

A reduction in genetic diversity due to a significant decrease in population size.

Front

What is natural selection?

Back

The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is competition in ecology?

Back

An interaction between organisms or species in which both are harmed as they compete for limited resources.

Front

What is nitrogen fixation?

Back

The process by which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia or related nitrogenous compounds in soil.

Front

What is an energy pyramid?

Back

A graphical representation of the energy flow in an ecosystem, showing the energy available at each trophic level.