Cognitive Glossary

Front

“Knowing what”

The memory of facts and events and refers to those memories that can be consciously recalled.

Back

Declarative memory

Front

The memory of specific events that have occurred at a given time and in a given place

Back

Episodic Memory

Front

“knowing how”

The unconscious memory of skills and how to do things.

Back

Procedural memory

Front

General knowledge of facts and people. Concepts and schemas and not linked to time and place.

Back

Semantic memory

Front

When an individual relies too heavily on an initial piece of information offered when making decisions.

Back

Anchoring bias

Front

A mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a given person's mind when making a decision.

Back

Availability heuristic

Front

The part of Baddeley & Hitch's Working Memory Model responsible for the control and regulation of cognitive processes.

It binds information from a number of sources into a coherent "episode", coordinates the "slave systems", shifts between tasks and handles selective attention and inhibition.

Back

Central Executive

Front

A systematic error in thinking that impacts one's choices and judgments.

Back

Cognitive bias

Front

The tendency of people to think and solve problems in simpler and less effortful ways rather than in more sophisticated and more effortful ways, regardless of intelligence.

Back

Cognitive misers

Front

Amemory error which produces fabricated, distorted, or misinterpreted memories about oneself or the world.

Back

Confabulation