Protein Synthesis

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What is Protein Synthesis?

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The process by which cells create proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

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What is the role of mRNA in Protein Synthesis?

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mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

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What does tRNA do during Protein Synthesis?

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tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA sequence.

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What is the function of ribosomes in Protein Synthesis?

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Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins by linking amino acids together.

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What is transcription in the context of Protein Synthesis?

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Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

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What is translation in the context of Protein Synthesis?

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Translation is the process where ribosomes read mRNA sequences to assemble amino acids into proteins.

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What are codons?

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Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids.

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What is a stop codon?

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A stop codon is a codon that signals the end of protein synthesis; examples include UAA, UAG, and UGA.

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What is the complementary mRNA sequence for the DNA strand AACTGAA?

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UUGACUU.

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What is the role of rRNA in Protein Synthesis?

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rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes and helps facilitate the translation process.