Week 7-8 Pt 2 GEL 001

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Bubbles in ice trap ancient atmosphere

Back

Bubbles in ice are used to measure CO₂ and methane concentrations.

Front

Oxygen Isotopes in Ice Cores

Back

The ratio of oxygen isotopes in ice is used to determine paleotemperature.

Front

Bubbles of air in ice

Back

Image showing bubbles of air trapped in ice, used for measuring ancient atmospheric conditions.

Front

Ice core extraction

Back

Image depicting the process of extracting an ice core for climate study.

Front

Back

Oxygen's natural isotopes and their abundances.

Front

^{18}O is heavier than ^{16}O: - Takes more energy to get into water vapor - Rains out of clouds sooner

Back

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Back

Front

Measuring Paleo-Temperature: Organisms incorporate oxygen and carbon from seawater as they grow.

Back

Oxygen and carbon isotopes in shells depend on seawater temperature and biological processes.

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Use of experiments in paleo-temperature measurement.

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Experiments are used to calibrate isotopic composition with temperature.

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Reconstructing past temperatures.

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Past temperatures are reconstructed using seafloor sediment cores.