Genetics Flashcards

Front

They are in the cell nucleus and carry genetic information. They are made up of DNA and protein combined as chromatin. Each contains many genes.

Back

Chromosome

Front

Two of these form a gene pair. One is given by the male parent, while the other is given by the female.

Back

Allele

Front

An organism’s entire genetic makeup. This includes all allele combinations for a specific trait and is represented by letters.

Back

Genotype

Front

An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits.

Back

Phenotype

Front

Instructions for this variation of a trait will always show up in the organism even when just one is present within a gene pair.

Back

Dominant Allele

Front

Instructions for this trait variation will only be present if it is paired with another matching allele. The instructions for this allele will be covered up (inactive) when paired with a different type of allele.

Back

Recessive Allele

Front

When both alleles for a trait are the same.

Back

purebred / homozygous

homo = same, zygous = joined together

Front

When the alleles for a trait are different

Back

hybrid / heterozygous

Front

A chart used to predict the possible genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.

Back

Punnett Square

Front

A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein, which in turn determines a particular trait.

Back

Gene